Yttrium

U.S. supply, trade and import sources, 2021–2025

On the U.S. 2025 critical minerals listUSGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026

Where U.S. imports came from, 2021–24 (share of import quantity or value as reported)

0%50%100%

• China 70%
• Germany 11%
• Austria 8%
• South Korea 4%
• Other countries 7%

The United States relied on net imports for all of its yttrium consumption in 2025. China supplied 70% of U.S. imports of yttrium in 2021–24, more than any other country. U.S. imports of yttrium (yttrium, alloys, compounds, and metal) fell from 560 metric tons in 2021 to 300 metric tons in 2025 (yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) equivalent).

United States

supply, trade and import sources

100%

Net import reliance in 2025, as a percentage of apparent consumption.

2021100

2022100

2023100

2024100

2025100

Uses named for it in the 2025 critical minerals list: catalysts, ceramics, lasers, metallurgy, and phosphors.

United States, 2021–2025 (metric tons, yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) equivalent, unless the row says otherwise). W = withheld by USGS; NA = not available; 2025 estimated.

Item	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025
Production, mine	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Imports for consumption, yttrium, alloys, compounds, and metal	560	818	323	457	300
Exports, compounds	9	4	20	3	12
Consumption, apparent	700	1,000	200	500	300

All mineralsWhich minerals the United States imports most Who produces the U.S. critical minerals

Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Yttrium chapter (PDF page 216). How to read these figures.