Aluminum
World smelter production and capacity, 2024–2025
Share of world smelter production, 2025 · world total 74 million metric tons
- China 61%
- India 5.7%
- Russia 5.3%
- Canada 4.4%
- United Arab Emirates 3.6%
- Bahrain 2.2%
- Australia 2%
- Norway 1.8%
- All other countries 14%
China accounted for 61% of world smelter production of aluminum in 2025 (45 million metric tons). Net imports covered 60% of U.S. aluminum consumption in 2025. The three largest producers, China, India, and Russia, together supplied 72%. Canada supplied 56% of U.S. imports of aluminum in 2021–24, more than any other country.
Producer log
12 countries listed separately
| Country | Smelter production 2024 | Smelter production 2025 | Share of world 2025 | Change on 2024 | Yearend smelter capacity 2024 | Yearend smelter capacity 2025 | Change on 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| China | 44,000 | 45,000 | 61% | +2.3% | 44,600 | 45,000 | +0.9% |
| India | 4,200 | 4,200 | 5.7% | 0% | 4,200 | 4,200 | 0% |
| Russia | 3,880 | 3,900 | 5.3% | +0.5% | 4,080 | 4,080 | 0% |
| Canada | 3,320 | 3,300 | 4.4% | −0.6% | 3,310 | 3,310 | 0% |
| United Arab Emirates | 2,690 | 2,700 | 3.6% | +0.4% | 2,790 | 2,790 | 0% |
| Bahrain | 1,620 | 1,600 | 2.2% | −1.2% | 1,620 | 1,620 | 0% |
| Australia | 1,570 | 1,500 | 2% | −4.5% | 1,730 | 1,730 | 0% |
| Norway | 1,300 | 1,300 | 1.8% | 0% | 1,460 | 1,460 | 0% |
| Brazil | 1,100 | 1,200 | 1.6% | +9.1% | 1,280 | 1,280 | 0% |
| Malaysia | 1,050 | 1,100 | 1.5% | +4.8% | 1,080 | 1,080 | 0% |
| Iceland | 742 | 750 | 1% | +1.1% | 880 | 880 | 0% |
| United States | 676 | 660 | 0.9% | −2.4% | 1,310 | 1,310 | 0% |
| Other countries | 6,680 | 7,000 | 9.5% | 10,500 | 11,000 | ||
| World total | 72,800 | 74,000 | 100% | +1.6% | 78,800 | 79,700 | +1.1% |
United States
supply, trade and import sources
60%
Net import reliance in 2025, as a percentage of apparent consumption.
202161
202266
202363
202462
202560
Import sources, 2021–24
- Canada 56%
- United Arab Emirates 8%
- Bahrain 4%
- China 3%
- Other countries 29%
Uses named for it in the 2025 critical minerals list: metallurgy.
| Item | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Production: Primary | 889 | 861 | 750 | 676 | 660 |
| Production: Secondary (from old scrap) | 1,520 | 1,480 | 1,560 | 1,560 | 1,600 |
| Production: Secondary (from new scrap) | 1,780 | 1,920 | 1,870 | 2,120 | 2,000 |
| Imports for consumption: Crude and semi-fabricated products | 4,940 | 5,730 | 4,900 | 4,840 | 4,400 |
| Imports for consumption: Scrap | 679 | 685 | 677 | 700 | 890 |
| Exports: Crude and semi-fabricated products | 900 | 1,040 | 1,240 | 1,360 | 890 |
| Exports: Scrap | 1,930 | 1,720 | 1,780 | 2,100 | 2,200 |
| Consumption, apparent | 6,240 | 6,910 | 6,210 | 5,830 | 5,700 |
| Supply, apparent | 8,020 | 8,820 | 8,070 | 7,950 | 7,700 |
| Stocks, yearend: Aluminum industry | 1,870 | 2,050 | 1,820 | 1,690 | 1,800 |
| Stocks, yearend: London Metal Exchange (LME), U.S. warehouses | 69 | 9 | 5 | 16 | 8 |
| Employment, number | 28,900 | 30,200 | 30,500 | 29,900 | 30,000 |
Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Aluminum chapter (PDF page 48). How to read these figures.