China
Every USGS world production table for 2025 that names China: its share of each world total, its rank and its reserves.
China’s share of each world total, 2025
- Gallium1st of 399%
- Mercury1st of 594%
- Silicon1st of 1287%
- Magnesium metal1st of 786%
- Bismuth1st of 786%
- Tungsten1st of 1179%
- Natural graphite1st of 1878%
- Tellurium1st of 878%
- Lime1st of 2274%
- Vanadium1st of 472%
- Titanium metal and titanium dioxide1st of 670%
- SiliconFerrosilicon production · 1st of 1370%
- Wollastonite1st of 470%
- Rare earths1st of 1269%
- Indium1st of 869%
- Iron and steelPig iron production · 1st of 1164%
- Bauxite and aluminaAlumina refinery production · 1st of 1962%
- Aluminum1st of 1261%
- Magnesium compounds1st of 1260%
- Fluorspar1st of 1259%
- Selenium1st of 1652%
- Iron and steel1st of 1152%
- CopperRefinery production · 1st of 1748%
- Cement1st of 1445%
- Phosphate rock1st of 2444%
- Lead1st of 1242%
- Cadmium1st of 1641%
- Arsenic2nd of 539%
- Industrial garnet2nd of 638%
- Molybdenum1st of 1537%
- Antimony1st of 1536%
- Titanium mineral concentratesilmenite · 1st of 1134%
- Perlite1st of 1433%
- Zinc1st of 1032%
- Nitrogen (ammonia)1st of 2231%
- Asbestos2nd of 426%
- Barite2nd of 1025%
- Rhenium2nd of 825%
- Tin1st of 1424%
- Natural mica1st of 1024%
- Sulfur1st of 1723%
- Industrial sand and gravel2nd of 2021%
- Lithium2nd of 921%
- Bromine3rd of 621%
- Salt1st of 2321%
- Bauxite and alumina3rd of 1320%
- Talc and pyrophylliteunspecified minerals · 2nd of 1419%
- Beryllium3rd of 718%
- Strontium3rd of 518%
- Clays2nd of 1016%
- Silver3rd of 1413%
- Potash3rd of 1213%
- Feldspar and nepheline syenite4th of 1312%
- Gold1st of 1312%
- Natural zeolites4th of 1312%
- Iron oreMine production (iron content) · 4th of 1711%
- Iron ore4th of 1711%
- ClaysBentonite mine production · 4th of 1110%
- Vermiculite4th of 118.6%
- Zirconium and hafnium4th of 98%
- Copper4th of 147.8%
- Gypsum4th of 197.5%
- Diatomite6th of 145.5%
- Manganese7th of 83.5%
- Tantalum5th of 113.2%
- Nickel6th of 93.1%
- Helium and rare gases6th of 71.6%
- Cobalt9th of 120.6%
- Niobium6th of 6under 0.1%
- Boronboric oxide equivalent · no world rank–
- Kyanite and related mineralsandalusite, crude ore · no world rank–
China was the largest producer in 34 of the USGS world tables for 2025, including gallium, mercury, silicon, and magnesium metal. That included 99% of world gallium. USGS lists China separately in 65 commodity tables, the most of any country. It supplied 100% of U.S. imports of heavy rare earths in 2021–24.
Production listings
ranks among countries with published figures
| Commodity | Measure | 2025 | Unit | Rank | Change on 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminum | Smelter production | 45,000 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 12 | +2.3% |
| Antimony | Mine production | 40,000 | metric tons, antimony content | 1st of 15 | 0% |
| Arsenic | Production (arsenic trioxide, gross weight) | 24,000 | metric tons, gross weight | 2nd of 5 | 0% |
| Asbestos | Mine production | 250,000 | metric tons | 2nd of 4 | 0% |
| Barite | Mine production | 2,200 | thousand metric tons | 2nd of 10 | +4.8% |
| Bauxite and alumina | Alumina refinery production | 93,000 | thousand metric dry tons | 1st of 19 | +8.8% |
| Bauxite and alumina | Bauxite mine production | 87,000 | thousand metric dry tons | 3rd of 13 | +8.1% |
| Beryllium | Mine production | 77 | metric tons, beryllium content | 3rd of 7 | −1.3% |
| Bismuth | Refinery production | 14,000 | metric tons | 1st of 7 | 0% |
| Boron | Production, all forms, boric oxide equivalent | 230 | thousand metric tons | – | +9.5% |
| Bromine | Production | 90,000 | metric tons, bromine content | 3rd of 6 | −10% |
| Cadmium | Refinery production | 9,500 | metric tons | 1st of 16 | +6.7% |
| Cement | Cement production | 1,700,000 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 14 | −5.6% |
| Clays | Bentonite mine production | 2,100 | thousand metric tons | 4th of 11 | 0% |
| Clays | Kaolin mine production | 7,800 | thousand metric tons | 2nd of 10 | 0% |
| Cobalt | Mine production | 2,000 | metric tons, cobalt content | 9th of 12 | 0% |
| Copper | Mine production | 1,800 | thousand metric tons, copper content | 4th of 14 | −2.2% |
| Copper | Refinery production | 14,000 | thousand metric tons, copper content | 1st of 17 | +13% |
| Diatomite | Mine production | 140 | thousand metric tons | 6th of 14 | 0% |
| Feldspar and nepheline syenite | Mine production | 3,700 | thousand metric tons | 4th of 13 | 0% |
| Fluorspar | Mine production | 6,000 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 12 | 0% |
| Gallium | Primary low-purity production | 900,000 | kilograms, gallium content | 1st of 3 | +7.3% |
| Gold | Mine production | 380 | metric tons, gold content | 1st of 13 | +0.8% |
| Gypsum | Mine production | 12,000 | thousand metric tons | 4th of 19 | 0% |
| Helium and rare gases | Helium production | 3 | million cubic meters | 6th of 7 | 0% |
| Indium | Refinery production | 760 | metric tons | 1st of 8 | 0% |
| Industrial garnet | Mine production | 280,000 | metric tons | 2nd of 6 | +12% |
| Industrial sand and gravel | Mine production | 92,000 | thousand metric tons | 2nd of 20 | +1.1% |
| Iron and steel | Pig iron production | 830 | million metric tons | 1st of 11 | −2.6% |
| Iron and steel | Raw steel production | 980 | million metric tons | 1st of 11 | −3% |
| Iron ore | Mine production (usable ore) | 290,000 | thousand metric tons, usable ore | 4th of 17 | −1% |
| Iron ore | Mine production (iron content) | 180,000 | thousand metric tons, usable ore | 4th of 17 | −1.6% |
| Kyanite and related minerals | Mine production, andalusite, crude ore | 50,000 | metric tons | – | 0% |
| Lead | Mine production | 1,900 | thousand metric tons, lead content | 1st of 12 | −2.1% |
| Lime | Lime production | 310,000 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 22 | 0% |
| Lithium | Mine production | 62,000 | metric tons, lithium content | 2nd of 9 | +50% |
| Magnesium compounds | Magnesite mine production (gross weight) | 12,700 | thousand metric tons, magnesite gross weight | 1st of 12 | −1.6% |
| Magnesium metal | Primary smelter production | 950 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 7 | −0.3% |
| Manganese | Mine production (manganese content) | 700 | thousand metric tons, manganese content | 7th of 8 | +1.4% |
| Mercury | Mine production | 200 | metric tons, mercury content | 1st of 5 | 0% |
| Molybdenum | Mine production | 97,000 | metric tons, molybdenum content | 1st of 15 | −3% |
| Natural graphite | Mine production | 1,400,000 | metric tons | 1st of 18 | +10% |
| Natural mica | Scrap and flake mica mine production | 85,000 | metric tons | 1st of 10 | 0% |
| Natural zeolites | Mine production | 150,000 | metric tons | 4th of 13 | 0% |
| Nickel | Mine production | 120,000 | metric tons, nickel content | 6th of 9 | +4.3% |
| Niobium | Mine production | 40 | metric tons, niobium content | 6th of 6 | −9.1% |
| Nitrogen (ammonia) | Ammonia plant production (nitrogen content) | 49,000 | thousand metric tons, nitrogen content | 1st of 22 | 0% |
| Perlite | Mine production | 1,500 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 14 | 0% |
| Phosphate rock | Mine production | 110,000 | thousand metric tons, marketable phosphate rock | 1st of 24 | +4.8% |
| Potash | Mine production (K2O equivalent) | 6,300 | thousand metric tons, K2O equivalent | 3rd of 12 | 0% |
| Rare earths | Mine production (REO equivalent) | 270,000 | metric tons, rare-earth-oxide equivalent | 1st of 12 | 0% |
| Rhenium | Mine production | 20,000 | kilograms, rhenium content | 2nd of 8 | 0% |
| Salt | Production | 56,000 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 23 | 0% |
| Selenium | Refinery production | 2,000 | metric tons, selenium content | 1st of 16 | +11% |
| Silicon | Ferrosilicon production | 3,500 | thousand metric tons, silicon content | 1st of 13 | +13% |
| Silicon | Silicon metal production | 4,000 | thousand metric tons, silicon content | 1st of 12 | −17% |
| Silver | Mine production | 3,400 | metric tons, silver content | 3rd of 14 | −0.9% |
| Strontium | Mine production | 80,000 | metric tons, strontium content | 3rd of 5 | 0% |
| Sulfur | Production, all forms | 19,000 | thousand metric tons, sulfur content | 1st of 17 | 0% |
| Talc and pyrophyllite | Mine production, unspecified minerals | 1,300 | thousand metric tons | 2nd of 14 | 0% |
| Tantalum | Mine production | 80 | metric tons, tantalum content | 5th of 11 | +5.3% |
| Tellurium | Refinery production | 800 | metric tons, tellurium content | 1st of 8 | +6.7% |
| Tin | Mine production | 71,000 | metric tons, tin content | 1st of 14 | 0% |
| Titanium metal and titanium dioxide | Titanium sponge production | 260,000 | metric tons | 1st of 6 | +1.6% |
| Titanium mineral concentrates | Mine production (ilmenite) | 3,200 | thousand metric tons, TiO2 content | 1st of 11 | +5.3% |
| Tungsten | Mine production | 67,000 | metric tons, tungsten content | 1st of 11 | 0% |
| Vanadium | Mine production | 82,000 | metric tons, vanadium content | 1st of 4 | −2.4% |
| Vermiculite | Mine production | 40 | thousand metric tons | 4th of 11 | +2.6% |
| Wollastonite | Mine production | 600,000 | metric tons | 1st of 4 | 0% |
| Zinc | Mine production | 4,100 | thousand metric tons, zinc content | 1st of 10 | +2.5% |
| Zirconium and hafnium | Zirconium mineral concentrates, mine production (gross weight) | 100 | thousand metric tons | 4th of 9 | 0% |
Reserves
43 reserve figures published for China
| Commodity | Measure | Reserves | Unit | Rank | World share |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antimony | Reserves | 830,000 | metric tons | 1st of 13 | – |
| Barite | Reserves | 120,000 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 6 | – |
| Feldspar and nepheline syenite | Reserves | 730,000 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 7 | – |
| Fluorspar | Reserves | 110,000 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 9 | 33% |
| Gypsum | Reserves | 1,800,000 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 9 | – |
| Industrial garnet | Reserves | 37,000,000 | metric tons | 1st of 4 | – |
| Molybdenum | Reserves | 7,800 | thousand metric tons | 1st of 15 | 45% |
| Natural graphite | Reserves | 100,000,000 | metric tons | 1st of 15 | 32% |
| Rare earths | Reserves | 44,000,000 | metric tons | 1st of 11 | – |
| Strontium | Reserves | 12,000,000 | metric tons | 1st of 2 | – |
| Tantalum | Reserves | 240,000 | metric tons | 1st of 4 | – |
| Tungsten | Reserves | 2,500,000 | metric tons | 1st of 8 | – |
| Diatomite | Reserves | 120,000 | thousand metric tons | 2nd of 5 | – |
| Lead | Reserves | 22,000 | thousand metric tons | 2nd of 11 | 23% |
| Natural mica | Scrap and flake mica reserves | 1,100,000 | metric tons | 2nd of 3 | – |
| Natural mica | Sheet mica reserves | 75,000 | metric tons | 2nd of 2 | – |
| Niobium | Reserves | 6,500,000 | metric tons | 2nd of 5 | – |
| Phosphate rock | Reserves | 3,400,000 | thousand metric tons | 2nd of 24 | 4.7% |
| Tin | Reserves | 1,200,000 | metric tons | 2nd of 10 | – |
| Titanium mineral concentrates | Reserves (ilmenite) | 110,000 | thousand metric tons | 2nd of 9 | – |
| Vanadium | Reserves | 5,800 | thousand metric tons | 2nd of 6 | 27% |
| Zinc | Reserves | 60,000 | thousand metric tons | 2nd of 9 | 25% |
| Bromine | Reserves | 130,000 | metric tons | 3rd of 3 | – |
| Lithium | Reserves | 4,600,000 | metric tons | 3rd of 10 | 12% |
| Magnesium compounds | Magnesite reserves (gross weight) | 700,000 | thousand metric tons | 3rd of 12 | 9% |
| Perlite | Reserves | 32,000 | thousand metric tons | 3rd of 5 | – |
| Asbestos | Reserves | 7,100,000 | metric tons | 4th of 4 | 4.7% |
| Iron ore | Reserves (crude ore) | 17,000 | million metric tons | 4th of 17 | 8.3% |
| Manganese | Reserves | 260,000 | thousand metric tons | 4th of 7 | 14% |
| Rhenium | Reserves | 200,000 | kilograms | 4th of 6 | – |
| Silver | Reserves | 67,000 | metric tons | 4th of 12 | 11% |
| Gold | Reserves | 3,200 | metric tons | 5th of 13 | 4.8% |
| Talc and pyrophyllite | Reserves | 60,000 | thousand metric tons | 5th of 7 | – |
| Vermiculite | Reserves | 2,900 | thousand metric tons | 5th of 6 | – |
| Iron ore | Reserves (iron content) | 3,000 | million metric tons | 6th of 17 | 3.4% |
| Potash | Reserves (K2O equivalent) | 200,000 | thousand metric tons | 6th of 10 | – |
| Bauxite and alumina | Bauxite reserves | 710,000 | thousand metric dry tons | 7th of 13 | 2.4% |
| Nickel | Reserves | 4,400,000 | metric tons | 7th of 9 | – |
| Zirconium and hafnium | Zirconium reserves (ZrO2 content) | 500 | thousand metric tons | 7th of 9 | – |
| Cobalt | Reserves | 160,000 | metric tons | 8th of 12 | 1.3% |
| Copper | Reserves | 41,000 | thousand metric tons | 8th of 14 | 4.2% |
| Boron | Reserves | 9,100 | thousand metric tons | – | – |
| Kyanite and related minerals | Reserves | 5,000,000 | metric tons | – | – |
Supplier to the United States
share of U.S. imports, 2021–24
- Heavy rare earthsall imports100%
- Thoriumall imports100%
- Manufactured abrasivesFused aluminum oxide, crude92%
- Quartz crystal (high-purity and cultured)Cultured quartz crystal (piezoelectric quartz, unmounted)89%
- Industrial diamondall imports77%
- Magnesium compoundsCaustic-calcined magnesia74%
- Rare earthsRare-earth compounds and metals71%
- Yttriumall imports70%
- Bismuthall imports56%
- Cadmiumall imports50%
- Natural graphiteall imports46%
- Natural micaScrap and flake42%
- GermaniumGermanium metal41%
- Mercuryall imports31%
- TungstenOres, concentrates, and other forms26%
- Iron and steel slagall imports22%
- Bariteall imports21%
- GalliumMetal18%
- Dimension stoneAll dimension stone17%
- Indiumall imports12%
- Talc and pyrophylliteall imports12%
- Scandiumall imports11%
- Fluorsparall imports10%
- Industrial garnetall imports9%
- Magnesium metalall imports6%
- Helium and rare gasesHelium5%
- Aluminumall imports3%
- Bromineall imports3%
- ClaysAll clay types combined3%
- Perliteall imports3%
Similar producer profiles
most shared commodities, relative to both lists
- Russia48 commodities in common
- United States48 commodities in common
- India34 commodities in common
- Australia31 commodities in common
Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, world production and reserves tables. How ranks and shares are worked out.