Phosphate rock
World mine production and reserves, 2024–2025
Share of world mine production, 2025 · world total 250 million metric tons
- China 44%
- Morocco 14%
- United States 8%
- Russia 5.6%
- Jordan 4.8%
- Saudi Arabia 4%
- Egypt 2.2%
- Brazil 2%
- All other countries 15%
China accounted for 44% of world mine production of phosphate rock in 2025 (110 million metric tons of 250 million metric tons). The largest reserves are in Morocco (68% of the world figure), not in the top producer. World reserves equal about 292 years of 2025 output at that rate, the third longest of the 19 commodities where both figures exist. Peru supplied more than 99% of U.S. imports of phosphate rock in 2021–24.
Producer log
24 countries listed separately
| Country | Mine production 2024 | Mine production 2025 | Share of world 2025 | Change on 2024 | Reserves | Share of world reserves |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| China | 105,000 | 110,000 | 44% | +4.8% | 3,400,000 | 4.7% |
| Morocco | 35,300 | 36,000 | 14% | +2% | 50,000,000 | 68% |
| United States | 19,400 | 20,000 | 8% | +3.1% | 1,000,000 | 1.4% |
| Russia | 14,400 | 14,000 | 5.6% | −2.8% | 2,400,000 | 3.3% |
| Jordan | 11,500 | 12,000 | 4.8% | +4.3% | 820,000 | 1.1% |
| Saudi Arabia | 10,000 | 10,000 | 4% | 0% | 1,000,000 | 1.4% |
| Egypt | 5,300 | 5,500 | 2.2% | +3.8% | 2,800,000 | 3.8% |
| Brazil | 5,300 | 5,000 | 2% | −5.7% | 1,600,000 | 2.2% |
| Peru | 4,800 | 4,800 | 1.9% | 0% | 210,000 | 0.3% |
| Tunisia | 3,280 | 3,300 | 1.3% | +0.6% | 2,500,000 | 3.4% |
| Vietnam | 3,000 | 3,000 | 1.2% | 0% | 30,000 | under 0.1% |
| Senegal | 2,800 | 2,800 | 1.1% | 0% | 50,000 | under 0.1% |
| Australia | 2,500 | 2,500 | 1% | 0% | 800,000 | 1.1% |
| Israel | 2,380 | 2,400 | 1% | +0.8% | 60,000 | under 0.1% |
| South Africa | 2,220 | 2,200 | 0.9% | −0.9% | 1,500,000 | 2.1% |
| Algeria | 2,000 | 2,000 | 0.8% | 0% | 2,200,000 | 3% |
| Kazakhstan | 1,700 | 1,900 | 0.8% | +12% | 260,000 | 0.4% |
| Togo | 1,560 | 1,600 | 0.6% | +2.6% | 30,000 | under 0.1% |
| India | 1,700 | 1,500 | 0.6% | −12% | 31,000 | under 0.1% |
| Turkey | 1,220 | 1,200 | 0.5% | −1.6% | 71,000 | 0.1% |
| Finland | 974 | 980 | 0.4% | +0.6% | 1,000,000 | 1.4% |
| Uzbekistan | 950 | 950 | 0.4% | 0% | 100,000 | 0.1% |
| Syria | 800 | 800 | 0.3% | 0% | 250,000 | 0.3% |
| Mexico | 365 | 450 | 0.2% | +23% | 30,000 | under 0.1% |
| Other countries | 769 | 770 | 0.3% | 800,000 | ||
| World total | 239,000 | 250,000 | 100% | +4.6% | 73,000,000 | 100% |
Output versus reserves
same commodity, two measures
Mine production, 2025
- China 44%
- Morocco 14%
- United States 8%
- Russia 5.6%
- Jordan 4.8%
- All other countries 23%
Reserves (world 73 billion metric tons)
- Morocco 68%
- China 4.7%
- Egypt 3.8%
- Tunisia 3.4%
- Russia 3.3%
- All other countries 16%
Reserves are the part of identified deposits that USGS considers economic to extract now; they change as prices, technology and surveys change. At the 2025 rate, the world reserve figure equals about 292 years of output.
United States
supply, trade and import sources
Net import reliance in 2025, as a percentage of apparent consumption.
Import sources, 2021–24
- Peru 99%
- Other countries 1%
Uses named for it in the 2025 critical minerals list: fertilizers.
| Item | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Production, marketable | 21,600 | 19,800 | 19,600 | 19,400 | 20,000 |
| Sold or used by producers | 21,900 | 19,800 | 20,000 | 19,100 | 18,000 |
| Imports for consumption | 2,460 | 2,500 | 2,590 | 3,390 | 3,400 |
| Consumption, apparent | 24,400 | 22,300 | 22,600 | 22,500 | 21,000 |
| Stocks, producer, yearend | 10,700 | 10,600 | 9,550 | 8,740 | 8,400 |
| Employment, mine and beneficiation plant, number | 2,000 | 1,900 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 1,900 |
Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Phosphate rock chapter (PDF page 150). How to read these figures.